Greenhouse gas emission monitoring and assessment involves comprehensive observation, numerical simulation, and statistical analysis to systematically monitor the emission intensity and environmental concentration of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄). It provides data support for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. The main monitoring targets include emission sources from energy activities and industrial processes, as well as carbon emission dynamics in the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial ecosystems.

The carbon sink and carbon credit precise quantification model is a tool that uses multi-source data and advanced algorithms to accurately calculate the carbon sequestration benefits of ecosystems and carbon credit projects. The model aims to quantify the additionality, permanence, and social benefits of carbon removal, providing scientific support for carbon trading, ecological compensation, and ensuring fairness and transparency in carbon market mechanisms.